DNA Vaccines against Viral Diseases: Basic Immunological Aspects and Applied Perspective

DNA vaccines for viral diseases.

DNA plasmids encoding foreign proteins may be used as immunogens by direct intramuscular injection alone, or with various adjuvants and excipients, or by delivery of DNA-coated gold particles to the epidermis through biolistic immunization. Antibody, helper T lymphocyte, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses have been induced in laboratory and domesticated animals by these methods. In a nu...

Recombinant viruses as vaccines against viral diseases.

Vaccine approaches to infectious diseases are widely applied and appreciated. Amongst them, vectors based on recombinant viruses have shown great promise and play an important role in the development of new vaccines. Many viruses have been investigated for their ability to express proteins from foreign pathogens and induce specific immunological responses against these antigens in vivo. General...

Plant vaccines: an immunological perspective.

The advent of technologies to express heterologous proteins in planta has led to the proposition that plants may be engineered to be safe, inexpensive vehicles for the production of vaccines and possibly even vectors for their delivery. The immunogenicity of a variety of antigens of relevance to vaccination expressed in different plants has been assessed. The purpose of this article is to exami...

Immunological Aspects of Viral Oncolysis

of disciplines were represented including anthropology, psychology, psychiatry, neurology, mathematics, linguistics, and zoology. One of the major topics was the complexity and variability of primate societies which depend on factors such as the breeding season, estrus cycles, and formation of new groups. Another theme was the evolutionary trend in the naturalistic and biological approaches. An...

Immunological Aspects of Gastrointestinal Diseases